Lion in Winter
The Lion in Winter is a 1966 Broadway play by James Goldman, who also cinematically adapted it in 1968 for the film directed by Anthony Harvey and a 2003 film by Andrei Konchalovsky.

.The Lion in Winter occurs during Christmas 1183 at Henry Plantagenet's château and primary residence in Chinon, Anjou, within the Angevin Empire of medieval France. The play opens with the arrival of his wife Eleanor of Aquitaine from prison; the story immediately centres on the personality conflicts and shifting alliances among the estranged couple and their adult sons and heirs to the throne: Prince Richard the Lionheart (1157-1199, the future King Richard I of England 1189-1199), Prince Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany (1158-1186), and Prince John (1166-1216, the future King John of England 1199-1216).

Also in the château, pursuing their own intrigues with the royal family are King Philip II of France, the son of Eleanor's ex-husband, and Philip II's half-sister Alais, a daughter of Louis VII. Alais was betrothed to Richard I, but is Henry II's mistress; in reality, Henry had many mistresses and bastards. The "Rosamund" mentioned in the film was Henry II's mistress until she died.

In the movie, alliances constantly shift; almost every statement is a falsehood or half truth as family members attempt to manipulate each other for their own goals. A subtext of the movie is a commentary on the source of war and human misery, that it results not from geopolitics and macrolevel forces but from within the individuals who lead and populate nations.

The Lion in Winter is fictional: there was no Christmas Court at Chinon in 1183; there was a Christmas court at Caen in 1182; none of the dialogue and action is historic, though the outcomes of the characters and the background are historically accurate. The article on the Revolt of 1173-1174 describes the historical events leading to the play's events.